His character will be seen next in the second half of the regular season, which begins in January, Alexander added.
"I am thrilled and excited about being invited to be part of my favorite show '24,'" the 69-year-old actor said in a statement Friday. "I'm hoping to bring my very best to it."
Voight has only had one other TV experience, when he appeared in several episodes of the Western series "Gunsmoke" during the 1960s.
The Oscar-winning actor, also Angelina Jolie's father, is best known for his roles in films including "Coming Home," "Midnight Cowboy," "Runaway Train," "Ali" and "Deliverance."